Parts Psychology
A Trauma-Based, Self-State Therapy for Emotional Healing in Counseling and Psychotherapy: Case Studies in Normal Dissociation
Professional Endorsements
This fascinating book describes Dr. Noricks’ creative strategies for treating such issues as anxiety, depression, jealousy, grief and loss, and others. Appealing to therapists and clients alike, these are intimate and compelling accounts of emotional pain and trauma and of successful healing. Clients love the way this approach to therapy really works.
—Carol L. Cathey, MPH; MS, MFT
There is a burgeoning movement in psychotherapy that makes powerful use of how we organize our daily lives in parallel tracks, or “parts.” Each part has its own core emotions, its own style, worldview, and purpose. Dr. Noricks has created a guidebook to parts psychology that maps this territory with fascinating case stories. There is something to treasure for the seasoned therapist and the curious layperson alike. It is a dialogue with a master clinician; and encountering his teaching narratives will expand your view of psychotherapy and of yourself.
—Hugh Marr, Ph.D.
Clinical psychologist in private practice
Adjunct Professor of psychotherapy, Argosy University
Co-author, What Story Are You Living?
In Parts Psychology, Jay Noricks presents a bold, yet very natural theory of psychodynamics in crystal clear prose that draws the reader along with the insistency of a good mystery novel. This is not surprising because each of us presents a sort of mystery acted out by our parts (subpersonalities) pursuing their own concerns and relationships with other parts and persons. In Noricks’ theory, parts consist of bundles of memories organized into hierarchies based on level of associated pain or pleasure. The therapist attempts to help the client follow an affect bridge (free association from an emotion) to discover and name his/her parts and interview each to discover its most painful memories. Then each part is given methods to unburden itself of troublesome memories. The most painful memories are treated first. The influence of dysfunctional memories is dissipated by inserting them into fantasies that remove them from concern, typically by washing them out, burning them up, or shutting them away. Noricks’ approach is based in ethnology and cognitive anthropology as well as personality theory. The narrative quality of his theory of parts helps us to see the therapeutic value of folktales and other folk narratives that work collective cures by speaking to the troubled parts and separation anxieties of entire cultures. His theory of therapy helps us to see that the process of maturation as a human being involves recognizing one’s own parts and promoting one or more of them to the role of in-house therapist. I strongly recommend this book to anyone seeking a better balance and synergy in the dynamics of their own personality.
—Gary B. Palmer, PhD
Professor Emeritus in Anthropology
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Author, Toward a Theory of Cultural Linguistics
Expected publication date of Jan 1, 2011.
Case Study Contents/Story Lines:
Sexual Issues
Chapter 6, Sexual Swinging and Jealousy
Carson was a 38-year-old corporate vice president who came to therapy to prevent divorce. He was sleeping on the couch, but back in the family home after three months of separation. He had admitted a number of indiscretions to his wife, such as frequenting strip clubs and texting one stripper in particular. These behaviors were the immediate cause of Carson’s forced separation from his wife. She now wanted him to address his larger issues in therapy: his excessive jealousy of her and his compulsion to involve them in sexual swinging. Carson should stop checking on her activities; he should stop trying to track her movements away from the home; and he should stop his daily phone calls to her at work, sometimes as many as 12 to 15 a day. Carson’s wife was no longer willing to engage in wife swapping or sexual threesomes to please him. He should get himself fixed so that he no longer needed these experiences. Giving up his compulsion was difficult for Carson. The threesomes were especially powerful for him, although he avoided touching the other man involved. He just wanted to witness his wife and the other man having sex, or he wanted to have sex with her while the other man watched or touched her.
Chapter 3, Rage with Sexual Aversion
Tina was 30 years old and the mother of one when she first came to therapy. She was an assistant manager in the accounting department of a major casino. Petite and vivacious, Tina explained that she had to control her anger if she was to keep her job. She had recently been passed over for a major promotion, an opening for which she felt she was by far the most qualified candidate. She believed that her supervisor unfairly promoted others based
upon how much they “stroked his ego.” Women who flirted with him were especially likely to do well in their careers. When Tina asked for an explanation for why she had not been promoted, the supervisor scolded her for “not knowing [her] place.” Tina’s rage began when she was a child; much of it was generated by her relationship with her stepfather. Her lack of interest in sex was linked to a very early experience with “playing doctor” as well as to her stepfather’s behaviors. She was still nauseated by her memory of the taste of his saliva when, at age 11, he insisted on greeting her with a kiss on the lips.
Chapter 5, Low Sex Drive
Katie was a 26-year-old medical technician who supported her husband during his last year of college as he prepared for medical school. The difficulties Katie was having with her husband had several sources. The first was her anger over unkept promises. The second was their differences over the physical part of lovemaking: her husband enjoyed raunchy sex while Katie wanted the spiritual connection her church taught her sex should be. There was also Katie’s “duty sex” part, named Wife, who “just lay there like a dead fish,” according to her husband.
Healing Lost Love
Chapter 7, Letting Go of Love
Sam was 44 years old and an engineer with a local casino when he first came to see me. He was struggling with his wife’s bitter divorce of him, even as he begged to work it out. She had already moved in with another man. There was no hope for reconciliation. Even after he had worked to let go of his pain of rejection, his love for her kept him in a state of suicidal depression. The solution was to let go of his love for her. The procedure is the same as that for relieving the pain of rejection. Amazingly, love can be released in a few minutes once the proper stage is set. Following the release of his love for his wife, Sam’s depression lifted immediately. He began dating in the following week.
Eating Disorders
Chapter 8: Binge Eating, Panic, and Rage
Brandy was a 26-year-old special needs teacher who drove 220 miles from southern California every weekend to attend our Saturday appointments in Las Vegas. Healing both her rage and her binge eating required that we revisit her childhood and her relationship with her mother, who was emotionally abusive throughout her life. Brandy vividly recalled her first episode of binge eating as a high school sophomore: “I had always been healthy and took care of myself. I was disgusted by my mother’s overweight body. But one day I bought some fast food and took it home and ate it really fast.” The binge was incredibly soothing and released her temporarily from her life problems, most of which had to do with her mother. “She was so mean at that time. She cursed me and called me names every day. She said that she and my dad were going to get a divorce and it was all my fault. I had tried smoking, drinking, drugs; and promiscuity was a disaster. But food was the best relief.”
Chapter 12: Bulimia and Child Abuse
Maria was 46 years old when she decided to try again to heal herself of her bulimia.
She was slim and attractive and looked 10 years younger than her actual age, but
she had maintained her slim body only through regular purging with self induced
vomiting. She had purged on most days of her life over the last 30 years, often as many as four or five times a day. Healing the bulimia meant healing the memories of the chronic child abuse she experienced from age two onward at the hands of her mother and her sisters.
Body Image
Chapter 10, Body and Beauty
Georgia was a divorced, 41-year-old licensed attorney who came to therapy for help in dealing with work stress and anxiety. After she had successfully dealt with those issues she stayed to do more work on her body image. Writing about how she viewed herself at the beginning of therapy she said, “Fair complexion, brown eyes and dark brown hair cut short and worn spiked up on top. From my shoulders to my knees, my body looked like an apple-shaped blob. I saw the same shape whether I looked at myself straight on or in profile.” At the conclusion of our work she viewed herself differently:”Fair complexion, brown eyes and dark brown hair cut short and worn spiked up on top. My body has a curvy, hourglass shape and all the parts are in proportion to each other. When I look at myself in profile, I now see the contours of my body.”
Jealousy
Chapter 2, Extreme Jealousy
Sharon was a 34-year-old married professional who came to therapy with a problem of excessive jealousy. Her greatest problem was her frequent outbursts of anger at her husband. She screamed at him, demanded he account for all time away from her, accused him of infidelity, and found herself enraged over the smallest issues. She got upset when he talked to another woman, even a fellow employee or a member of his staff. She was irritated even if he glanced at a passing woman when they were out together. She had been jealous of this, her second husband, throughout the five years of their marriage. Additionally, her outbursts had increased since the death of her father three years before.
Samantha was 24 and struggling somewhat with the question of parenthood versus career. However, her primary reason for coming to therapy was her concern with her extreme jealousy and anger toward her husband. Her first comments in the therapy room were about her fears of abandonment. She connected those fears to her parents’ sudden divorce when she was a teenager. They came home from a walk one evening, with her mother sobbing, and told Samantha they were divorcing. Her father had decided to resume his old love affair with his high school girlfriend. Now, every couple of weeks, Samantha’s husband did something, such as going golfing in the afternoon without telling her, that triggered her fear that he, too, would suddenly leave her. “I try to be a perfect wife,” she said, “so he won’t leave me. My fear controls me since I became a wife.”
Depression and Anxiety
Chapter 13, Lifetime Depression and Anxiety
Richard was a 38-year-old schoolteacher, and feeling that he could barely function when he first came to therapy. He had panic attacks “out of the blue” that felt like he was having heart attacks. His everyday anxiety left him wide awake at bedtime, unable to sleep for an hour or more after going to bed. He was depressed and cried for no reason, sometimes four or five days in a row. He had been on antidepressant medications for 10 years. At the conclusion of therapy, Richard was off of all his medications, was not crying or having panic attacks, and was leading an enjoyable life with his wife and children.
Porn Addiction
Chapter 11, Gay Porn Addiction
Henry was 37 years old when he came to see me for help with his addiction to pornography. He was successful and prominent in his profession as an emergency room physician. His compulsion to view porn had become a serious issue with his male spouse and threatened their 13-year committed relationship. During a two week period when his partner left him, just prior to his committing to our therapy sessions, he took a leave from his work. For those two weeks, he spent virtually all of his waking moments, 16 hours a day, on porn websites. His addiction was complicated by the fact that without it, he had very little sex drive, and very little sexual interest in his partner. Healing the addiction required both neutralizing the pleasure he gained from viewing porn and neutralizing the negative emotions he still carried from his childhood sexual abuse.
Work Stress
Chapter 4, Career Loss, Procrastination and Helping Too Much
Georgia was a divorced, 41-year-old licensed attorney and mother of one, who came to therapy for help with dealing with work stress and anxiety. She had given up, at least temporarily, any plans to continue her career as an attorney. The workload was both exhausting and anxiety producing. A year previously, she was fired for not billing enough hours, in spite of working evenings and weekends. Her problems included procrastination, perfectionism, and spending too much time helping others when she should have been doing her own work. She took a job as a paralegal in order to reduce her work load, but was fired there, too. Now she was looking for a job as a legal secretary. She had a fascinating inner world visualized as Disney characters and other animated entities. Once Georgia fixed her original problems, she chose to work on additional issues. Her story continues in Chapter 8, Body and Beauty, and in Chapter 14, Scaredy Cat and The Monster.
Grief and Depression
Chapter 9, Grief, Depression, and Marital Problems
Sandra was 45 years old and a seasoned executive recruiter when she first came to therapy. She had three teenage children of whom the eldest, her son, would soon graduate high school and move on to college. She was deep in depression and considering divorce. Her husband had brought his alcoholic father to live with them in order to help him following rehab. Unfortunately, his sensitivity to his father’s needs triggered Sandra’s memories of his insensitivity to her needs after her mother died many years previously. She was now reliving her unresolved grief over the loss of her mother—her best friend.



